Learning from Others

We can learn from others by imitating admirable behavior and avoiding despicable actions.  A Japanese saying puts it concisely: Correct your manners by watching those of others.  

There is a similar saying of Biblical and Mosaic origin, known as the Golden Rule: Do unto others as you would have them do unto you (Matthew 7:12, Luke 6:31).  I find this saying puzzling; what I like being done to me may be displeasing or even repulsive to someone else.  This saying, in short, is decisively prescriptive.  

The Golden Rule, also so known, in Confucius’s Analects, while similar, is passive; it states prohibitively: What you do not wish for yourself, do not do to others.  Do and Don’t mark the distinction.  Interestingly, Rabbinic Judaism in the words of Rabbi Hillel, matches Confucius: Do not do to others what you would not have done to you (Tobit 4:16). 

All this had been debated at length through the centuries from Kant to George Bernard Shaw and beyond.  The Japanese saying, significantly, is peculiarly Japanese; it is directive but passively and reflectively.  

All this reflection came about as I remembered how Mother habitually said these words: Correct your manners by watching those of others.  In my rebellious youth, I may have ignored them, but so long as I remember I had them deeply incised in my heart and as I matured I accepted them seriously. Reflecting in old age, I could say proudly that through my life I followed them as best as I could, except, being a contrarian by nature, I often rejected what was considered proper among those I observed and chose my way away from it or against it. 

人の美点、弱点を観察して、他人から学ぶもの多くあります。この観念を簡潔に表現した日本の格言に「人のふり見て我が振り直せ」というのがあります。

これと似た様な表現が英語にもありますね。キリスト教、更に遡ってモーセの掟で、『自分にして欲しいことは、相手にもせよ」（マテオ  7章12節、ルカ 6章31節）。でも、奇妙なのは、自分に気に入ったことが相手には不快なだったり、嫌だったりすることもあるでしょう。つまり、この表現は決定的に行動を規定するものです。

この黄金律といわれるもの、孔子の「論語」にも出てきますけど、逆に禁制を表してます。「己の欲せざるところ、他に施すことなかれ」。つまり、「しろ」と「するな」の違いです。面白いことに、ラビ・ユダヤ教（ダビデの末裔を称したファリサイ派のラビ、ヒルレルの言葉）には、「自分が嫌なことは、ほかのだれにもしてはならない」とあります（『トビト記』4章15節）。

これは、この数世紀、カントからジョージ・バーナード・ショウ、その以降に至るまでいろいろ議論されてきたことですけど、日本の格言は、指示はするけど受動的及び思考的で、その点目立って日本的です。

こういう事を考え始めた動機は、「人のふり見て我がふり直せ」とは母が口癖の様にした言葉でしたのを思い出した事で、これは記憶にある限り胸に刻み込まれてます。反抗期の頃には無視したかもしれませんけど、成人するに従って熟考すようになり、老年になって、一生忘れずにできる限り実行してきたと自慢して言えると思っています。ただし、生まれつき天邪鬼の私のこと、一般に賞賛される物事、行為をしりぞけ、しばしば意識して、そのれから外れた道或いは反対の方向を選んだものでした。

08.26.19

Listening with the Body

When I watch a dance performance, I follow the dancer’s movement by twitching my muscles to mimick the dancer but without moving my limbs so as not to  disturb my fellow viewers.  In other words, I watch not just with my eyes but with my whole body.  

Similarly, when I attend a live music performance, I also work my muscles and thus listen to the music with my whole body, not just with my ears, as the performing musicians obviously do, too; I follow them in their bodily movements as I do when I watch dancers. 

It is not uncommon today among those who claim to love music to listen to the recorded or broadcast music while being engaged in a task of one sort of another — writing, reading, painting, cooking, doing whatever chores being done.  I do, too, sometimes when I have the radio on and music happens to be playing.  But when I put on a CD, I have to sit and follow the music with full attention, for only then I can say that the music was listened to, not just heard.  It should not be surprisingly, then, that I consider attending a live performance with its visual componens the only valid way of listening to music; recorded music is a partial realization, as a photographic reproduction of a painting is to the painting itself.  Once we learn to listen to music fully with our whole body, it becomes hard to just let it be heard aurally.  It always amazes me at concerts that the audience almost invariably sit tight with their head fixed straight as though in a church. I cannot help moving my head slightly to focus on the changing sources of the sound, strings here, winds here, and percussion over there, and discreetly move my right hand with the bowing hand of string players as I once played violin as a child and cello later.   As I listen, I become partially a participant in the performance.  Participatory listening is more natural to jazz than to classic music; and yet, even at jazz clubs, I notice in amazement that the audience for the most part sit perfectly still.  Yes, there are some who get up and dance in total participation. 

It is well to remember that until the rise of radio broadcasting at the end of the 19th century, music was exclusively live.  It could be heard in a concert hall or in private homes, customarily chamber music literally.  Live broadcast, incidentally, a curious contradiction in terms; isn’t it more accurate to say simultaneous broadcast?

I think we can say the same thing to some extent with talks, lectures, and discussions; when we listen, totally absorbed in what is being said, as we watch the speaker and her/his gesticulations, we also respond with our whole body and the substance of the talk registers more firmly in our mind.  This argues strongly for the value of live classroom learning. 

This argues strongly for the value of live classroom learning.  From the teaching side of the fence, I argue that professors who read from their notes fail to understand the significance of the bodily communication with the students by which the importance of bodily listening can only be taught and understood.

08.25.19

Friends

Time spent with a friend is always a bliss, and one could perhaps say, conversely, that when time spent with someone was onerous, that person was not a friend, but only an acquaintance.  This is certainly a trite statement, a truism insofar as the definition of the word friendship is affection, implying mutual trust and support.  Still, in old age, when loneliness tends to prevail, friendship assuredly delivers a sense of fulfillment — happiness.  

04.17.19

In the arms, on the back だっこ、おんぶ

小さな子供が、母親の手を握って、楽しそうにスキップしながら付いていくのをみるとると、あたし自身の子供の頃を思い出し心が温まります。お手つなぎは、手のひらを合わせるものという考えが念頭にあって、手首を握られると嫌がって振り放したものでした。そして、疲れてきて「だっこ」や「おんぶ」してもらったりした時の暖かい安楽感は忘れがたいものです。叔父の「肩乗り」は少し不安でしたけど, 高さの見晴らしがよく、初めて乗馬した時にその記憶が脳裏に浮かびました。

When I see a little girl with her hand in her mother’s hand go skipping along joyfully, my heart warms up watching her as I remember my own childhood. I believed that holding Mother’s hand meant clasping the palms together; so, I disliked having my wrist grasped and would shake my hand off.  When I got tired of walking and skipping, I would be carried in Mother’s arms (dakko in Japanese) or on her back (onbu) comfortably, and that warm sense of security is unforgettable.  Riding on the shoulders of my uncle was a bit scary but the view from the high point was wonderful, and I recalled the sensation when I got on horseback for the first time. 

06.13.18